ࡱ> n ƾ! ӋzPNG  IHDR+a7LPLTEwwwUUUffff3f3 &&&333@@@LLLYYYfffsssfff3fLfYff3fff3fLffYfLf@f3fff3ffffDf*&LsLLss`L.Lf@3f̙̳ff̙f>fU@NjLLyLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL̙̙̙f3f33fffff̙ffff3Dw333̙3fUw3f333ff333ffff̙"D̙ff̙f33fDDD"""_rdtRNS@fbKGDH cmPPJCmp0712Hs4IDAThC9r#1 EwRHC;؎&Q Oa;>G~*|7=7 !5 <&gV ҳnd- il#a2v{F?>Q CalTqbzmpV'f,Ӫx:I`v&"(lk i.bKoidu`lWi.626? V *#?]W0 *V_82SfԱs:Ev<{ lhfaGF0͕X폻ٳ5,+óҤvʶٳ,ٟ~G˱:.5<b薝tiK7D:ؽ&# ҏ"ا"yY/I81wL"&:dы*lHG7tZO".Ń$E/}>"D[&HNC}j|Ӭ%v3|癊19~keZs5{'9+w?7 %M ó@&2՟tl=/xl{֥kh|9l; {>]5De𱹳d"7.<ϳ4M"F:K^#ژN,Osf{[# 73ӂSeGVaPl6C Yrl9o67=mmO:[#0\*tS \)w:/5Pѥq`땱 w|űɃ&?nwHmقv/qjVa|2im0f?ۍkX*W7Ef3-.ָ\拁!ȆCՎ/%뢻p7qRP"\4N jSHվ&6]+|[]ч/7'w H3ߧ1s {@1)rcT_и1=ЧH%,c%mpZSa"ۈ^6=nc(1v>$m1:a颏^_{'|5pl Yг.8;ZW{rDnfPmm[؞>lKk 7i^BIT\B:";6=Q_[=Z'r Ϭ&%A#azwX;\'-Kdss;ok'ݝz{z+;WD'bDuEc*JHzQc#ki{T/toEʓ^rvDE%UDŽ|dJ>хlHa93-;JS*hCfu|P {}z1pcQV5 x[ l;s?._g MqbHT`Sɩ !"VMQ"Yq Ԝh*!IP"$@{onwvv{of7;vV !^* R~BxLK!ŕ _yA~ԽxrH$S,"XHɢK>"㡞N4©t*<)ʎ=Dd oW!F (J2J*t|*.c0u*;^v_ m.ϥe2t{ñea*9 M{M]^a$]`CbW^~V*T5sU"YF =FoAm6!KQ#ȃϤ=cX?$dcSF0~-3.;cuyOs>0Ǔxj jXL$i>hoq~!磟OSϋS1/Ss-5ҹfsuPz̅\͟]WyvM2lO=7{E9|%ރ:,CsJȩSdɕr?jjvJe0,[Q.iS1AElSTC-&!{sO%o*:$5_21-,Y1Jd^jCry,\#Ȕ@ ;Yr"? _FҶ!muӨR{c!Ud)|>Ck! $Y x_~:{݃D$O6b8\g8#Y2xӱk!{$KVԕtl#! H7PJ~'ɽ`ET4ܷ:uXNۆ> FyU%u @B;,yT9O$ IVdɤIk]T{$KFA~ϴސ?[=%g+jA~\6C~ HWt9龃>[#0ȒG˴ʺĐ~"\sر0þ;=<ikqObXbt+7vj- bTچK%4$,͐'JdRٛ3AlҔGɑ/s gМ;4? UM[ٴ*;E_8濸UA$ z̞MV{?Iogvoa?b팿׉1sCۈնgl/|v-a|6g`# ~_gS3u'$-_c`ϱϿk '/l=2 s%UbRnMάjo#^HL#6gAKdѹR|vxz}gIt5q6ٴ[_nvilފv"6661c[={n z^0~\o}=}?z~{qp(lr/5gZx>ǫ<\G/#±X*XN?HS$C1C`/pOLL9xyՖ=<5@Q= =%R! )f#/3!ڷ^>o}>ٿ3}'?5 O>>yd~7~ঘ?b?OQOARx*:4 6uÈ cmKbw"y=]{{t^;rů.*[W@^$V"R _O/sDe˫,XFP\P1q,?=գEy&XX⩫T|5Ӧy60)Ja3A:e0lQRk/?4DYe1F(¨\8>ٗ>W;qψpî>8p/o(y2Y2ţ賻ˆ!ڋ9Yʴ<c|p6<ӷ }kPFef5fF'g M?,G؃F,d1K|byts&_[4~cr->0{0̞x:rY+ɀXo2QҨ x( &k ?'= 넿ga]s[evsMj^q.m 8_:(Tqs̄Á`,ǵ`<]k>m c]aMm(=NpUº}b;Luq2 \%T'CLET'P豨hWn;`QvPNG  IHDRysRGB pHYstu}.9;aIDATx^{Օkj j"H&1;`TR1J@htHUpEbxty)[*xfE1&ܐt( =@ly_|Țڽku9Sok;g3>?%B  pB@#TB@ *"B@!TB@ЪȬO||IWk{:2:PFg7>Xw}\d=R[9٧$ƌ Do~볦䯄bc X w$C4AB6>Zb9&N%)?z3o\+ƵkLh5Kl.?׵b&:="OU^~i-#}#k; Psǯ0і/њtIQlg4\ Ս@-yջӑE0|=f}ce?}:2Wyfwkw~-)gB"!Z|zmIȎ⽋A0ӻ7$ PTAs/egAڔOS7ihM:W~~Fg;h?}93S~ $ףQ$ gqD4?yfR(ږ)ی! LNGb"=d"O׵W@C_eORfrg_Ke2ŞOڞO+?R:G{r_M>5zkkNW0Nшr: ƞPd#ƶ|W>39ڞ@j✾])m@/[@+F6+ W=M]7GkئDLg/PDϿڲmeLJp>5= WM"0iu(")|s%ĘZl(c}o^SoH*k-}2A#/u^7KmW&lO_5o:<m_mlO#vExw_(Z||_f gAh45K08Bj1"-6[ /ÍMo'qh?k0 úsB"(!&B@!PwTqB@!@n@) B 6B@!P ڀ*5B@4JMn+(RPS! @S!TTB@RP(5B@4JMn+(U-! @#Jܦ*9'"LJ"ڊ2*wm5FC%RGϴGQ#hMwFC/_(pkta5moj3(\0VִUXx|a 3xp>3Ļ+fheێۣfƿ3xʺ7'˖n)An]@sFX]1l@>Q/;QƟqh6)E[ݻwck׮)'{/B%e=uVnyJύpFl 9y$4D+j۟~;tS HO4h(n::.r󎻜$,¨Cfhn/[s ؒ7c2:CbEXJ^ں~fHLb.ȡ1reS/jp0PFv"^7$MI]% gDS5ǩFa\gVҘ9 zB(ku{kC>C?8Tk|ҍikaZ&$$纠2:?ب#.PEoQ,[Wy삹Ec "+9JR`'kMt;SeA7]l.VA+ŒC%x7`[ul<䢋*9-lEWva߾}UrG;GtzE(7Unm=c++/{s^,ӇWֽ̓tA[`>"1%v6 O>@ 'xgw3p.fLM&,C7OsDɌrۢŋƞG噬3gm̘1)BQ03o*&M+F9/]% P8UL CLY [;sDɌwm~Vt /;`>hXTfG?nXaLDSqoc( }'?>~„XLI߼[Г?hogEtky$-󵗶RX[/\tAƋaèDǍG=&}YI&0EWQS+J@O~2 nqKg'~ֆ,Dsjc N9 (3vKp3o^3hMX `M%r (+6mBU1- 8|@{wLX6nX_dnʴH P?L%J\`k?b ɂ]jJL DXW7%3B@t H&o6qrHb ! @QjUT? ! @#PUE)B*AOmMRESYF ! A@V!(U4eB*AOmMRESYF ! A@V!(U4eB*AOmMRESYF ! A@V!(U4eB*AOmMRESYF ! A@V!4~?ҜIC֖V֮"*O[w;iNUɃ@ ˧Nn5/*"C9(v='kΟ迳z+fhx|G!M+˒7L~T|X|Ŋ g%50N{?q}ߐ@l53-%p.KoNY3[ R|EL©ivlB)S'KG._~Gl ;v =xg^yUW[2u Lɦ[P,{XQ[Ƒ0Vl2|ϴ;ȥ9 )KXpbi$-]̉[R07W}sG"x̭x-6lz@iLhL203*|џp5l9]GK$hhաx9(spy:ieJꪎUlOFh~5@\CLD@sHFa4H 3?se;ɓ4 [n{25o*)'{/>vJ8s sKn7'iѣG+S[miD.ۭ)k)ƧPboQRN, ERߴg8 yXxp(@+?.TxI X=},-$+̨Ϟe^&PDsgD&&(}p%uR׻}u== |I~5f%`lLXX7~" 0 NE?+Ŕ"@!1j5vQvQh|d \ jޏTtBc17d+on&mD(i&Sg8M_e®0w5bGȸ&J]l\9NzԳIEM/ܕb`fT 7+R> h0x}d%uTURWhGCV  DĎZz믿R8I_扊}_6YOE%ۙnzW,{/֏2۔CNꃖURW=huVԏѡ _?%K."R$WgjD3^Np'JI\pyxnܻR&r[[>vDqR|}|_ ƞ'/"Tw85sv+:ט1ce>}(ҵ'&09E`09gxiˋfN}_ӭ2:!Clqs*gKгdO^$kޙ}*{Dn׊?,"(3Qy/IMPVI]) αC5}'oa KGt0$X+_jcW M驂 8&7l͵SNخ![?ag.CʇWHfΘ1rԨ${w}̜b6"Ӱ3Ǟ5*! <Ұ%ߛ4d␯aR|r&]b(k#eƹ)=>['JꪎU<85l2![\%V=JÆ+vNRhG,\Gl1mظ-ỉ,{+}UѽzKF`k:qjKREuݏmM&uBҠT7/B@A@4B@tJ!Pe  ~SSԫǓϓ,%㱓V8UG`߲ׯ²tYzQ8Ъ@"OI~Oc1(~ypy`@F</j!dD=f9lw=<'zt s'MU;N8?먍I'3'uGOߢë}zJ\ ݻwаɛT$3zM&1pyڭ7P9u扼 ^y 45`B3@;Zg;v(*V1\&z2ZtiT%D@o.3ұJkD׵IB&cP>riNeɹ*lvqH=of|n>:ݏu(O>(SD$`cGhLϻۧU_}wt/j4y2+𿤥̴cvD)!lt63ƌ㫇vkM[;:HQwϝŅ=#L)X+%7ey:b{tγ>FVUsʁږ*fܻu-ne.n,K )SSAϦM$G'N;r+XQCD_#F7&!xkǹ(pKe&[WNVIE6G ˖"_Ç-Ɠ&5.\?}e7VlI&ų§=7u"X0:thX L)CzA$՘h8|p8t<;oINYU*j! m@ճB&(Uf B@3J=. J5YBRE={O ! jREM`! @=#TQޓB@ TQ%D!P(UԳB&(Uf B@3J=. J5YBRE={O ! jREM`! @=#TQޓB@ TQ%D!P(UԳB&4U[RvUiz49l ğT*StvE*԰"S&f2*'b.ɧRƜUXY^r ; ﭷ*eLE'9PixرB|z9/:V L&A/jm&5Ӥz c%)w޾mF[U\cz-M;v\ze (yO34+Jhw.a7Hd2 :Hcd~& [Tq[;6oGr)y%аj3b)._2AW]E #w,h_6i ߑٻ76>clsR`G=+F HK6TI©bQ3gok;uoNͷ0VrcWa~}]9|ݒ%IG#68#wKwΙWU艼{GT˝tsϫV6> *2襟)3eTx4i 29s,[[wܳ(pUF 5kòÚ ෿B|Geio߾U+Wd;vNA0,ZVȵf---ɋ/rfu͸ksv ӥX`+ ̹0 ~40ܳgOf,?П=`AUM鳾αS A 9Ѩo(Ê"Z|X|Γ'O~n˖j(̞j5vQ&iBO@AL$tR(*2 4qzs)ЀgAC#صkWݙS$(Juhp5pFJ_X/#kܸ]ZpZ#;in[5w"&QB(ݺuoQ,P̠#0Gtgn>bIbǁzh, (?ŕؘ;RMZ^Uzuz ͜zEDG׷o_u~ٵ$0J_tW.iᕙ1)'m|b09bdudN&>%pu<FNrV?aȑ#d!/l$}2 |"&3w~`EiuL)&+R| (c#ֈ=<_Q5'fOۨ0`"3.[λ5"l+[)Gi"ej/F':igni ߽'σBR(];k̘1yp4nN!m+BLeo21߿?vVO>ҵշ5(E\TVh0 A{( 19SJuofA$9LzSFz_^;:ذzsv"ʠ+1U qܻu-ne.̝)CMm!:igĉp䝵 "$x&YȜW+Ԧ O_~v(L m dH4YS-I&*Ae: CfJZLb :Hh>|8:\ G=2)gcc=ei,II<1gή])_J*=U023a׷yvqÆ\;<"f4i _p@VznNERo3 nesv\G5ع+,5< i6mX8U)Bnz 5k[D3o^9,}Ȕ!!,X) ~">'ENqU";'"Ub-lY' 7t`Tqˏ_[d6nDUBN}QJ8VSL 4i0szMCچGW hTѻwmf<ز["B̜`"&!`p쀱cfiLԪ"Ի/m"N! hU<*UE@BPh/! @UP*b.h*A!PU* ! FlB@T+B@F@@(UE@BPh/! @UP*b.h*A!PU* ! FlB@T+B@F@S{֮"iZIpaFQN-$"qsw> nT~X=SN5"Aw΂o{0.\9pViqȟiXƤ"{>.Vb fnޓOy]/tt&|GP8t 2Ƅ TRvݶ#1O٭m)Ě@Cˉo'.2u꥗_ֱy?bJ9ї ' `ɲY< -,l#dƤ۱})N8-DŰio$u AsL\ : 2jE,,q=6'ǩR©b޹s믷[wΙK/=vtʕNUfܵ~=~^[۪ի( /|ĉ!杲|ëgΘae*c~n0׷ߕ?Xy%:zܳCաCBG߼[>GM`vk =cVeF p遵߫Wӗ_6M6*P*ĉcǎ%T1wńz*D"u0S@ϋJIae=*AlF]xDSX,X.?柼(=4jE,,<6#ʣkgev"Y'O[3}1eˬV?edhTvvvR#25ek_@N_vU洊5a׮]ԣ1DUgr,E1`v}Ic.ނy!@3ɿbs(ScB]@`_AQaQ'&0C%nn+NXgb~|nX 7ܢ4" &}b=V *Y ,ٞϨKZ)6UF笳 ge&.aL}rR۷藩O U5[Ԅ#Gj_?z<|CkđF[4X3rHjx^{=+?C1ĜHe`$ ."6 SLIc,5JY@I.)],sR"m(MԊ$X֭_Os6$OOoњNbܻXVZ/I2tӽܻ qO5({\=V񳍣vQ5In>}|}+j3b`?͵l=Iك?K[NoTCќJV^cƌ̊ܧYA6? V :E5*ņ =wnԮIJ\;uum9ʃh2(*##-[~ jx'v>N.)H-nC=Ծ(ÇiU!-g$BNբjxy2p9ҿ5;xx|&@2( \,exZرOyv@( n)*`^e gC7lX-_=Z𨀯&)UF]4W4v U0֬*.! jRE8ۂ V7MT"5+]ͶM!]B@m@gIB@1ZUԱB6(UgIB@1Ju<. JYRuRE;O ! jREmp! @#TQΓB@ TQ%E!P(UԱB6(UgIB@1Ju<. g@xIB@_>ZU(I! @OD@'DH'! @B@)#(UDH'! @B@GC! z"J=+I!УPQ2B@S9z IENDB`n) oh%dn-2vPNG  IHDR,6Ͱ^sRGB pHYs.>)1IDATx^흋v,`y~ 0"ɀWVl ? @   M< Є^Cb@  kQ @4!r^#'kN'WJ\NGK YvJ]tN|OGbI܎bþD*JC /(Vi&t@ո ρ}܇,qTad"ոl6P^ck&='ZJ! f@X@c٬ܑ\W;&T쇕.bVXZMڂ1m ǢaGBbTLe4![  |8njBEOg{dr@AIQ\@ )뭥`PIm **bui3vI^X*`> l݄BYI|qt-&"x]ٲS‚1"PemiB҇BI 6Kn~-@J(7/wɝ}cEr` NX@/X ՛P @VlB" %@Z64@|MH{>3AK5J GgU"LӉ0  ^of m*2& ɇ @#F{%_c(cxsӀh)V=5VM(A86w{Kbf7:^hgF.F/nwUZϷ:ro*6ɖ_/߇`bi 'C5ɿ݉ xR~5ׄā|#G*|F;3$.Iucr|QO׊wgLЫĩo+.Lj]j1c*s"]&M(PHJ-Fn\t`W\R-^^hs;F۶s#+U+i'smt4e]Q̀mvd@/@+t umkt,[E3D=$S#@-^jL1x}3N@B>.ܻ&wݞW]`92pPrU7Ɔ%\&;]sR:ٻzCɓF>+u28ߞM7.{U'ëH c2Of 8y=j8~ej'm&'+[b 'I5_Pn'c&c\rjɡaÂa 2DcځػFi_-F =˟;Ê3rh@>)TҵX^= #e|&4g"ŵ ȁt ⻔Y#Hnqp&d(iA@`5w3xw#OFb~~~*Wbfv^N:GK YvJ]tN|OGbIZw;nI K&i A& K&i AMz|%Pk-ukcj(r]$թ8sw3h'+caN~^#۽kרՁ*P\w*<3W] ?k LMϮxFSξNv>&¥˲>ڄd$_ܾ;?]i FK ] ʓvu*]~@GFY\MʦP{M^uyd`{&Y = %%&nr%'i@](@xpXH{n c3| &ƂmN~]k nW?T]3LTlF| |%lR6N˯vBlQ]Vب?]yҮ.Ȼ. ,6r!fHyR[7%W _>guX`4kV'PxVm b`kw_oO[>Z ;kZVKY{]tgkxѮ*vmB!B.6SrbE]>G;Xn.]֚J .2wmBye}/qFAEnu"]|X!$C @۵ ]81 4'| *XiZLm: (ONǴPgڮKr/.|L1E] q !@`A4IBW9|% uAGoWb'w<<7Rwƃzpf^ %qy&  ЄV 6AGV$@Z1*@#hB|%^krbŗ zwBtٮ.ٮ.Qכ̌&aܯ |MTJe|)w_ٮ]VRG vu̟Uȷ#!0@&4mKxFSξNv>&¥˲քߑǰ°5ڱ'ܨI3i%|N*4!.ʳҲɾ-9z5,ֽ&t8(,j1kwc5{ђӮYԏ6ȱ.<+߮NŻb Є  CjA+(b%*Xc vu*<9TNf|M66Qswךk שx|ZaWVB<K lW-ærwЄc=S"[l_\f5Ai9(  ')%:Ԭدgk1Gb8iڄ9=i ewHp9N%:u!tN,L_> &ﱹO-/22<u>Z z]~G[%B۸ ' @]4w >qv\y'tD_p=|%V~r3s# }@h8k_UY^c P'@5C+Q:v9 cگ*l/tFv z屻[^:s{149r2?~N޺Ƹq.4!4Ⱥ $ g=X7 gNKDi#@j(rҰS49g;ص+mtӕ8u$)1C4ЧÏ%SqxɏwiݍLqA8gY^.Fp,ɬ'pwյeΗmP(/uEK\0BŌV]% Sk%QQRm?Q_>0=hBO‰'vz%>Ru*bAϙ&ly7ޣ V$ Oz%J]$Y[jv4hBvi _3Unw2'=Yn>R?ʊ.찿=.9<`=(O'ф;eDZݗW("Е4!-kJ]_THs "(2vő k tF1$3Grsn:Ab e] ͣvȁީ c_xtFJr:&c ':h̞| cAr {edA 3/U4 Sr* @Mȓ6 @/Oh}BG>69-+; GK YvMP82 Ē8vT?b@!@ǵ 0E&4!@`MhB^w.c}uԘ3ލ|Mkw9x@uW5䫷n.&Lw;x>` Є} )Vɻauc]eoY5,n4nd }w09?P4<9Ս-fIrsL]pL] ]V~vx/P/1o@`X67+~e;\9pd`ƺI8{wZ"OP'F5pYEuc ]{q8uSgݣ= wbӅ zՅ|{kNQNȊBH>7V."@?u3 DAH&Db@kxkU j>"=Mgg*vSNѯ_P>Zb,ܒ`׮ z+Mq+H,Slǽch i;5^G~tHÙb&Mi0)<5w`7Ysk¶ܛD,AhB(O y&dg#Hގ=֋X8ܛMeJx4zZpl7!40/E%6zX<`y߈9=8Re҄<#~+ZP7* 3| I%#@T4>tv!4S*.'v .]AW`^TlPtBuR]V[jrnqfNMhrJp9 F&ZD*U^aʁ#מv1zx%V~r3%`u^(Yٕ]GbIb;ns ( )@D  q*@P @R@#@UNW^WvNp88v<@͹hBvϒyD b܁*ú:ЂBxLQ8Px"ЊQ&ُKm#s.Ҙ*c0o chB@ROV=?au?gIcz 'E?_ 7{$(nQ~2E]k1B&@fُ@X$˅.{rDuAˀu3  }0臸Zb,ÔDSͭ9XLE%q8B8 Є@xNMZ]G@%?&'_b{wᎳB׊\uYmWLΣ-&l%j`>!6S9?+iB9+~:w 'Z" r$Ȥby*ڠh@/((-&]݈ :$ԍ6`AeVф\ .xH^@"NbCON%ohB>wdy$2Z$?:n[F.;]-X,۟lj13͸=P%k_$07]@9H ح';o3ҕ䟜{4v'h&󸶋<5-#w JOjYZ7h&Y@oT˦brkvﵻ6!73ju> 4.2ajȧUG4s\,6!q l0ulu}YRW(gB?a@)=a׀`O+;2;5c١& 7"D xͺʕXȞGKLYvJ]tzgGbIb;#8@]4w Є>~ .л@hB?'?u}/_#P'+U4 1 MhBMIޖ'_y;PeXWjQ:u/> 3GWJG4b#iT'kcI[uclZMhɰ`;be*YV`LXL~x7s w%@5r@n;.Q89#4\>2 )*d*u&ѨqX (@M܀@|!ް*V|Fuciye6r$@:285H lZb,YgELSץwku+SQGbIb;4@54!^#SqPɏ@PqgsbM&]caT!rIqp,7ΗmP({p!$$⧩Xbdw^IׄD-F~ qeE5_hB.ExWT+*=cžzX>g =MhXSSiֈqQλÊSr GXT2r|./{4;Wَ{Р݂w2b&]dXMh=.^Lrm;kE2Dnj`7 5^6̴It?'쩱hɊڄdsΖ`31AnvnpL@ыǥLx&|,;<3tY 8'LSׄ-Fg^$?Vk.ӝУ3  ЄB8:*8H ="jY12yϏޟ|%V~r3frx]S/άL+#$N  F&zCM Є^Cb@ x@.LɻauOԉ1uaEVhB[ c"Pl hw.] 4! Ȅ%$e=?#"w@o "M ЄL"e-89ց!ycML ˠ&!х<87pySOؼ95ˡڄ VA`{0gup.~y[[ v䒋!=#/S*.?^ctyH ֪m4af;8a^뛊28d;5v @[ m& p&^pf\jʡ= dzjGm%׏;B;bij(-1(g;5Bʴ2( ?Kq_G@ -̂ 4/D!,J&h`0 Єe| %_90> '@gl@ @b9+9w6w @!J9W_Y( 3! ˝=1a#C/4!/2_8l0dK4-Æ!5k!@" 9'|M;~)'@gA ^-qkd+hB'G H?N& J b'Jok17^r }B:yՇ'KqU ,NW'S]GbIb;ns   pD   ة #8)?cy.fо6|$o+dͨmP~[' C״ 3n0FO*EB|}Vm咜Lȟ q>PNO4a8 JJԱ|d1Py%uP 7akwž+w*Z)1(;5!I@@xM]h i'OӁ%^x3x Ow~ JnkGBVwk™Vs$)t;R @`Mh@G@(p/juM4@`7sWH=4!uV'nw%VfcMȆ+R!ЁI2X@`u_[ݟ= 7 ݉d4v5MȎ-!u 4>F&d m9Š҄a" 8@y.WQv&My/;CH8x {kX 3/^H4@ :`1 !&4  lǵPb   `E(  Pb   `E(  Ӫ6IENDB`@=P !R\ĭVt<Á YYse&2 x{lg.G jL l 6PQ``ī* ^񐰒@(XBDN B%Y(B%Q%4*oof–|vg7c3VB+I-짞g  G?cOB?}fO 1lP*ٲ9紧B~aØ%כ\y:|  }ɴ7,kQċ١,Zn:[u}XD_#1zcz^xCϩb0DLǫ_/\A_9s9}A"9~վDx=FG xB>c%7,޶ٙG,ܾNj=<1YB#"h$~#_O*W$~f׷^qUb%4k#z9/DjnzZPOOo}Њ~uNaw>r;sZRUq*/cK]]plʮ(>-}{2IRc=Jei_ [J|^,kV~ưrK|q~H֡UjR+:7!Fo-5R>$H2Ӂj=eHrw6? [IVO ?[NI sc%\9_Ղi嚔ϯJ:{hƿ[nI.~xw1]B>˄\>Y/4 Զ1 ΩOTLcT?B>'㫯ş,hy<i!ϓ8h[#R.T9Q4zB>_/7wK)A`JumX |5| ځ?H^+Y_gwAg\߅waW/ϯH-w~DB:ϯKU83dwxt.+:%ſa';\܁)j>Ny)`yY-ϳ:mE?[i!J-tg{_y|Pye4~W i!I:w_EVi B>*gµѹf_͂ϫ?uoϳְ-zV7ʪݰ(՟w-ܤz{Zڲ'yo_Ysw0oޱ}x4oܱn ,k7N2psn-1pn-7pˬ [iVXs'՘N pw`޽Kiζ3p[s{}ǚlo1E57.cšlo`ސ~c ^4@Wyɹy3p36 N4pGYsm2}lkhow[j 1yknü묹c;5z p\VϪ6$yN%uSEYtUB pb_xQo=z| EzQ5a[#e6Ӟڲx 'چ]yV#[H(Cd1kvW8FZ[x HGqHc12cdecb$ܳ_鈾AHkM)by)f6rk5a#+ 1SkX &yc$b=^Xӵƚ]#oXv_bd;#{Zc!1c7lbcMk>e4`6HN{:c#!F1Ǜ3\8n'b'2gǜ38e8!Nn2g@ǝwYd~'Ҧ>~/.bZy,ᱴ⌜oŽ}]CU zs΢ݧ`;>^m-ԉ}yDKC1fFr!$'=g:ju|#I'?'?2hg(Z ܉K0pod&O,dlCLs|&{:eqB;8w;7Et dc`nj kuKG^x /}~Ɛ!d93(    k Chart Excel.Chart.80*Microsoft Excel Chart0Bitmap Image Paint.Picture0Bitmap Image02Bitmap Image Paint.Picture0Bitmap Imagerhttp://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july2000/strig.htm06"  Chart Excel.Chart.80*Microsoft Excel Chart/ 0DTimes New RomanD|dv 0|( 0DDPalatino RomanD|dv 0|( 0 DArialno RomanD|dv 0|( 0D" ` .  @n?" dd@  @@`` \T>1    +  '4>!"%&'()*d./0123456789:;ob$ƾ! Ӌz $"$+K؃^i)  b$`Qv;b$ oh%dn-2v)S"$!R\ĭVt<ÁX g}c $@uʚ;2Nʚ;g4AdAdv 0pppp@ <4!d!d` 0,0<4dddd` 0,0<4BdBd` 0,0 2*___PPT9 z&CJS 115- Population Genetics- Assessing the Strength of the Evidence"DC"5 AssignmentsRead chapters Butler 8-10 and Inman C9 Extra credit: Read SWGDAM STR Interpretation Guidelines http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july2000/strig.htm Write 500 word summary with 3Q and 3A <66!0`7Exam 2 Results# N= 38 Average = 70.4 Range = 50-98>Genetic Concordance or  Match  $Scientists: Match- reserved to no significant differences observed between 2 samples in the particular test(s) conducted. May be different but the test failed to reveal. DNA tests are limited to a very small % of the human genome Public- Match connotes absolute individualization. Therefore conclusion of  genetic concordance simply describes the fact that two samples show the same genotypes.ZContinuous vs Discrete alleles ^Continuous alleles : RFLP: continuous alleles are not resolved- e.g. 99 vs 100 repeats are too similar Discrete alleles- PCR: method clearly differentiates the types- exact number of repeats can be determined Analogy: Continuous alleles- Too close to call the difference between the two runners Discrete: Every runner has exact speed(size) detected.$'Z8Z_H+ Genetic concordance under 3 circumstances @,)$1. Samples come from a common source- evidence comes from the same individual providing the reference sample 2. Concordance is a coincidence- someone other contributed the evidence 3. Concordance is an accident (erroneous)- collection, analytical or clerical error  the evidence and reference appear to have the same profile The strength of the concordance depends on which of the 3 scenarios produced the result. If 1, then the strength of the inference becomes the next critical questionZ!"#%How Statistical Calculations are Made&&(HGenerate data with set(s) of samples from desired population group(s)  Generally only 100-150 samples are needed to obtain reliable allele frequency estimates Determine allele frequencies at each locus Count number of each allele seen Allele frequency information is used to estimate the rarity of a particular DNA profile Homozygotes (p2), Heterozygotes (2pq) Product rule used (multiply locus frequency estimates)GZ[Z,Z"ZXZ]Z :["(0   N  $+Assumptions with Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium,,$%IIndividual Genotypes Are Summarized and Converted into Allele FrequenciesJJ(&Allele Frequency TablesHardy Weinberg EquilibriumA predictable relationship exists between allele frequencies and genotype frequencies at a single locus. This mathematical relationship allows for the estimation of genotype frequencies in a population even if the genotype has not been seen in an actual population survey  Hardy Weinberg conditionsLarge population- several 100 or more Approximately Random mating Negligible to No mutation Negligible to No migration Negligible to No selection  Don t be ridiculous over long periods this will not hold Over short periods HWE may apply Maintenance of constant allele frequencies also means genetic variability within a population is not blended away over successive generations.}Z} $How a mathematician got into biologyStory from Mange and Mange- 1999 Hardy loved pure math- which he considered useless but beautiful! Disliked practical applications. This was one of the most significant practical applications of math in history Published in Science to avoid letting his pure math colleagues see it!Z HWE9The cards are your alleles. The alleles are Red= R and Black = B. Individual cards make up the "gene pool" This gene pool contains 40 black cards and 60 red cards, so the frequency of the black allele is 40/100 = 0.4, and the frequency of the red allele is 60/100 = 0.6. p= frequency of R and q= frequency of B HWE law- Part 1- Under HWE conditions Frequency of the genotype R/R = p2 Frequency of the genotype B/B = q2 Frequency of the genotype R/B= 2pq P2+2pq+q2 = 1 HWE law- Part 2 As long as HW conditions prevail allele and genotype frequencies do not change.\cZwZZPZcwP  HWE simulation4See handout- We will be mating in class! Get a pair of cards from the instructor. In your teams calculate the allele frequencies of R = red cards and B = black cards Also tally the genotype frequencies E.g. number of RR, RB and BB Team captains provide a summary and write down the results on the black board55  Random mating, no selection"Random mating" means that mating is without regard to the genotype of the individuals. It is important that individuals not know about alleles of potential mates. Get up and mingle in the room, carrying your cards and keep the cards in pairs so that the color cannot be seen by other students. Say "hello" when you encounter another student. The fourth time they you say "hello" to someone you will mate That means you randomly give one card each to form your first offspring. Then, take your card back and mate again with the same partner. Be sure to write down the genotypes of your offspring. When a pair has been mated, that pair should not be mated again in this round of mating. Students continue to mill around until all of their individuals have been mated. Z_+Tally the results)In small groups, add up the total number of red cards, black cards and genotypes Write down your results on the blackboard. Did the frequency of the R and B change? Do the genotypes of the offspring observed match the genotypes predicted? Now become your offspring and repeat the mating and tally.*Z*2Random mating- SelectionNow we will mate with selection. Whenever a RR genotype is formed, this is a lethal combination and results in death. Therefore, this combination results in no viable offspring. When you mate this time, eliminate any RR genotypes from your tallies. Repeat the tally as beforeZ9Random mating- Migration5 students will migrate and become geographically isolated Mating occurs within two separate populations. We will tally results for these 2 populations Do you expect the results to be the same as before? Why or why not?/ ' ( )*./01348:; ` ` ̙33` 333MMM` ff3333f` f` f` 3>?" dd@,|?" dd@   " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> f(    6y P  T Click to edit Master title style! !  0{   RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S  0( ``  >*  0 `   @*  0l `   @*H  0޽h ? ̙33 Default Design0 zr@< (  < < 0} P    P*   < 0     R*  d < c $ ?0P   < 0~  @0  RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S < 6l P   P*   < 6h    R*  H < 0޽h ? ̙33 88(  8 8 0n"  P%  "  >*  8 0\r"   % "  @*  8 6u"  P  "  >*  8 6z"    "  @* H 8 0޽h ? ̙33       (   x  c $l`     0 $D 0___PPT9vn rPre class activities Quiz Review Assignments and Schedules Return and Review Exams Break II. Learning Objectives (Rudin Ch 8- Butler Ch 19 and 20) Define Genetic Concordance or  Match Continuous Alleles vs Discrete allele system review Understand the evaluation of Results- Where the rubber meets the road! Genetic concordance under 3 circumstances Frequency estimate calculations- The strength of the result of the inference of common source between the biological evidence nad reference donor. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium-Definition HWE- Assumptions- In class  mating under HWE /w selection and migration! Linkage equilibrium frequenciesD=&5C  &  5>tW   BA  dna1"B// /`?yH  0޽h ? ̙33  `$(  r  S X" P  "  r  S "  "  H  0޽h ? ̙33^  (  r  S "   "  r  S " ` "  r  6A ?p0 H  0޽h ? ̙33  P2(    S (%P   r  S   H  0޽h ? ̙33  p$(  r  S P   r  S 4E  H  0޽h ? ̙33  $(  r  S P   r  S UPPPp  H  0޽h ? ̙33#  /"'"33|!(  | n pp  |# #"^^(\  | <, ?@ pp  P  @` | <` ?p@ p  P  @` | <t ?@ pp P  @` | <  ?p@ p P  @``B | 0o ?ppZB | s *1 ?pp`B  | 0o ?p p `B  | 0o ?pp ZB  | s *1 ?@ p@ p `B  | 0o ?pp   | << ? HAA*0    | < cl GA*0  | <  GA*0  | <|   Ga*0  | <0 H  Ga*0  | < rt  bAa*0    | < i F  baA*0    | <  C  baa*0    | < P V7 R Freq (A) = p* 0   | < eq R Freq (a) = q* 0   | < ~_ } (p + q)2 = p2 + 2pq + q2R0     | 0  b v  JPunnett square 0 | <$ @~` Lp2.0  | <t 8  X Lqp.0  | < l   Lpq.0  | < ~ P v  Lq2.0  | <  r Op20 | <    Oq20 | <X Oo Op20  | <8 h$ O Oq20X2 !| 0e X2 "| 0. XB #| 0D_XB $| 0DB K XB %| 0DR XB &| 0De R '|@ 6Z ysZ  RFather gametes (sperm) 0 (|@ 0    NMother gametes (egg)0 )| < % {-  ? p + q = 1 0  *| 0() 6  h0Resulting genotype combinations and frequencies101F D +| ] ,| <- M DAA&0  -| <T1 SQs ^Aa&0  .| <@5  Pp220 /| <8 \ Q2pq20 0| << 0 ?P  ^aa&0  1| <`? & t  Pq220` 2| 0D7 3| <dB ' _Figure 19.3, J.M. Butler (2005) Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition 2005 Elsevier Academic PressP`0      ( H | 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.  P +D=' = @B +"  !!== (  X  0   B@C DEFjJPp  X @ @    @ B@C DEFjJPp  X @ @     B@CDEFԔppP Hp@@     <k* :AA0  <k4 Taa0  <Xk`d  TAa0  <pk &b ;1.00  <8k  kFrequency of a allele (q)60    <k  kFrequency of A allele (p)60    <,k) ;1.00  <#k[ ;0.80  <'k   ;0.60  <L+k8 t ;0.40  </k ;0.20  <2kR ;0.00  <6k  ;0.00  <l:k U ;0.20  <4>k   ;0.40  <Ak = y ;0.60  <Ek  ;0.80F \   t 1 TB  c $D \ TB  c $DD \ D TB  c $Df  TB  c $Dq  TB  c $Db  TB  c $D f TB  c $Df  TB  c $Dff f TB   c $Dr F \  ! 17TB " c $D \ TB # c $DD \ D TB $ c $Df  TB % c $Dq  TB & c $Db  TB ' c $D f TB ( c $Df  TB ) c $Dff f TB * c $Dr L \  +#  TB , c $D \ TB - c $DD \ D TB . c $Df  TB / c $Dq  TB 0 c $Db  TB 1 c $D f TB 2 c $Df  TB 3 c $Dff f TB 4 c $Dr  5 B Qk~  [#Frequency of genotype in population$0$ 6 <hUk& Z  ;0.20 7 <0Yk Z  ;0.40 8 <\kP ;0.60 9 <`kR ;0.80 : <dk Dp2&0  ; <xhkRE r 92pq0 < <lk Dq2&0 7 = <pk' _Figure 19.4, J.M. Butler (2005) Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition 2005 Elsevier Academic PressP`0      ( H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.[+D=' = @B +g ~v(  F GL  Gq  0ka 5 n6Decide on Number of Samples and Ethnic/Racial Grouping707  <ky  FGather Samples0  <k \i HGet IRB approval0  0kX  a'Analyze Samples at Desired Genetic Loci(0(  0k  MSummarize DNA types0  0ȟkd #  PEthnic/ Racial Group 10   0Уk0e  PEthnic/ Racial Group 20   0اki   e+Determine Allele Frequencies for Each Locus,0,   0k M  [!Perform Statistical Tests on Data"0"   <k F  j2Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for allele independence303   < k \   b*Linkage equilibrium for locus independence+0+`B  0DԔ/`B  0DԔ[`B  0DԔs`B  0DԔ    08ks  _'Usually >100 per group (see Table 20.1)(0(  0@k L w=Use Database(s) to Estimate an Observed DNA Profile Frequency>0>  <xk $h FSee Chapter 210fB  6DԔ fB  6DԔ   0k - a)Often anonymous samples from a blood bank*0*  <k z  VSee Table 20.2 and Appendix II0  0 k ~ MSee Chapter 5 (STR kits available) and Chapter 15 (STR typing/interpretation)N0N  <xk Gt  k3Examination of genetic distance between populations4047  <k' _Figure 20.1, J.M. Butler (2005) Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition 2005 Elsevier Academic PressP`0      ( H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i. r,9+D=' = @B + PI(  x  <A ?? zYu   <k ,  9*0$  <k dHX  9*0$7  <)1' _Figure 20.3, J.M. Butler (2005) Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition 2005 Elsevier Academic PressP`0      ( H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i. r,9+D=' = @B +  pt(  ~  s *1  1 x  c $100 1 6  <l1|IP PFor more information, see Chapters 20 and 21 in Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition^Q0 H  0޽h ? ̙33___PPT10i.n<P1+D=' = @B +=   (  ~  s *8P  1 x  <A ?? T    6|1T 3Kt,$D0 TNone of these assumptions are really true& ++6  <>' ^Table 20.6, J.M. Butler (2005) Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition 2005 Elsevier Academic PressP_0     ( H  0޽h ? ̙33___PPT10.p0V9+ DO' = @B D ' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+#.<*,%(+8+0+, +  (  ~  s *K8H    0  `A ? ?6    0kԔ p y OThe 11,12 genotype was seen 54 times in 302 samples (604 examined chromosomes)NP,XB  0D> @ ^  6ԔP`6  <p' ^Table 20.2, J.M. Butler (2005) Forensic DNA Typing, 2nd Edition 2005 Elsevier Academic PressP_0     ( H  0޽h ? ̙33___PPT10i.<+D=' = @B +S  S SccR(  R  s *PP x  c $T0      <TiM  T 6 cC  <Q,  t Caucasian N   ccC  <  , qN= 302 N ccC  < , X : cC  <,W t0.0017* P gcC  <0Y ,1  Z-- : cC  <,1 ,  o0.1027 L ccC  <2  ,  s 0.2616 --N ccC  <3  ,  W : cC  <$\ ,p  o0.2533 L ccC  <; p ,> o0.2152 L ccC  <x@ >,  p0.15232 L ccC  <|E  , p0.01160 L ccC  <J    African American ` c ccC  <P    pN=258 N ccC  <V   X : cC  <T[  W Z-- : cC  <_ Y 1  t0.0019* P gcC  <d 1   o0.0892 L ccC  <(j    o0.3023 L ccC  <ho    t0.0019* P gcC  <t  p  q0.3353 N ccC  <z p > o0.2054 L ccC  <h >   o0.0601 L ccC  <    t0.0039* P gcC  < M m20 N ccC  <P , t0.0017* P gcC  < HV  T0.0001*0 cG  <8 > o j L ccC ! 6$ `| ;D3S1358" " 6 : &Butler et al. (2003) JFS 48(4):908-911J' !0& # 0 t Allele frequencies denoted with an asterisk (*) are below the 5/2N minimum allele threshold recommended by the National Research Council report (NRCII) The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence published in 1996. ## 'f# ###=#'## $ 0  ``  FMost common allele % <Ԫ z  t Caucasian N   ccC & < z  s N= 7,636 N  ccC ' <X z  X : cC ( < z W o0.0009 L ccC ) <P ` z 8  X : cC * < 8 z   o0.1240 L ccC + <  z  q0.2690 N ccC , <    K--,cC - <8  z w  o0.2430 L ccC . << w z E o0.2000 L ccC / < Ez  o0.1460 L ccC 0 < z  o0.0125 L ccC^" 1 6Ԕ @  2 0| `@  Einum et al. (2004) JFS 49(6)J ^" 3 6Ԕ @  F MM 4  M 5 <O MM _ Allele< cc 6 <V M X : cC 7 <PV M m11 N ccC 8 <Z Mq  m13 N ccC 9 <_ Mq >  m14 N ccC : <   m15 N ccC ; <li M   o15.2 N ccC < <n M   m16 N ccC = <s M ~  m17 N ccC > <x M~ K m18 N ccC ? <} MK m19 N ccC @ <  U m12 N ccC A <T @`  t0.0017* P gcC B <  `  Z-- : cC C <$   N0.0007,cC D B   80.0031R E s *PP@@  F < p  African American ` c ccC G <T  p s N= 7,602 N  ccC H <t p X : cC I < pW c 0.0003* >   gC J <в Y p1  o0.0077 L ccC K < 1 p  o0.0905 L ccC L <d  p  o0.2920 L ccC M <|  p  o0.0010 L ccC N <  pp  q0.3300 N ccC O < p p> o0.2070 L ccC P << >p  o0.0630 L ccC Q <|  p o0.0048 L ccC R <  j L ccC S < p`  ^0.0045 : cCR T s *PP   R U s *PP ,,  V < }  m20 N ccC F MM W  }  X < MM _ Allele< cc Y < M X : cC Z <P M m11 N ccC [ <,kMq  m13 N ccC \ <|kMq >  m14 N ccC ] <@kM>   m15 N ccC ^ < 1M   o15.2 N ccC _ <851M   m16 N ccC ` <51M ~  m17 N ccC a <\:1M~ K m18 N ccC b <?1MK m19 N ccC c <(D1U m12 N ccCH  0޽h ? ̙33y___PPT10Y+D=' = @B +  $(  r  S P   r  S |  H  0޽h ? ̙33   $(   r  S zP   r  S {Pp  H  0޽h ? ̙33  $$(  $r $ S `P   r $ S ,  H $ 0޽h ? ̙33  ($(  (r ( S    r ( S @`   H ( 0޽h ? ̙33  0,$(  ,r , S ʭP   r , S   H , 0޽h ? ̙33   P0$(  0r 0 S 0   r 0 S 9   H 0 0޽h ? ̙33   $(  r  S " P  "  r  S x\"  "  H  0޽h ? ̙33  @$(  r  S _" P  "  r  S #"  "  H  0޽h ? ̙33  $(  r  S " P  "  r  S ,#"  "  H  0޽h ? ̙330 0@(  @X @ C <0P    @ S  < @0    H @ 0޽h ? ̙330 `D(  DX D C <0P    D S `< @0    H D 0޽h ? ̙330 H(  HX H C <0P    H S PJ< @0    H H 0޽h ? ̙330 L(  LX L C <0P    L S g< @0    H L 0޽h ? ̙330 P(  PX P C <0P    P S 0x< @0    H P 0޽h ? ̙330 T(  TX T C <0P    T S < @0    H T 0޽h ? ̙330 X(  XX X C <0P    X S < @0    H X 0޽h ? ̙330  \(  \X \ C <0P    \ S 0< @0    H \ 0޽h ? ̙33 0 @`(  `X ` C <0P    ` S $< @0    H ` 0޽h ? ̙33 0 `d(  dX d C <0P    d S $< @0    H d 0޽h ? ̙330 `X(  d c $(K    L s *k 0)    .Figure 19.3 A cross-multiplication (Punnett) square showing Hardy-Weinberg frequencies resulting from combining two alleles A and a with frequencies p and q, respectively. Note that p + q = 1 and that the Hardy-Weinberg genotype proportions are simply a binomial expansion of (p+q)2, or p2 + 2pq + q2. /|} H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.F[Hv0 (  d c $(K   k s * zk 0)  k pFigure 19.4 Graph depicting genotype frequencies for AA, Aa, and aa when Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions are met. The highest amount of heterozygotes Aa are observed when alleles frequencies for both A and a are 0.5. Adapted from Hartl and Clark (1997). P9YNH  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.[00 <4 (  d c $(K   k( s * _k 0)  k Figure 20.1 Steps in generating and validating a population database that can then be used to estimate the frequency of an observed DNA profile in the population.H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.`ҥ00 `@(  d c $(K   k s *&1 0)  k *Figure 20.3 Histogram comparison of allele frequencies for three different U.S. population groups for alleles observed at the STR locus D13S317 (see Appendix II). Alleles are indicated by repeat number. Note that a single observation was made of an allele 15 in both the Caucasian and Hispanic sample sets (asterisks). Since these are below the minimum allele threshold of 5 observations, then the value used in performing frequency estimates would be 0.00828 [5/2(302)] for the Caucasians and 0.01786 [5/2(140)] for the Hispanics. H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.@KP0 (  X  C <0P   "   S " < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 (  X  C <0P   "   S (Q" < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 (  X  C <0P   "   S T" < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 (  X  C <0P   "   S   < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 0(  X  C <0P   "   S R" < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 P(  X  C <0P      S $ < @0     H  0޽h ? ̙330 p(  X  C <0P   "   S `" < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 (  X  C <0P   "   S ," < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙330 (  X  C <0P   "   S @" < @0  "   H  0޽h ? ̙33UHx} |ޛd9&r#&!Tq(r"!Z֣k'UP<-ۊxԦU[my}= ԝyg<3| xfcuyS’3~$uuu!d{1خ9bd ,Nb-.0&9ƲP%;k]VoL8v:< Jl0gd$bXx"M&| X-; 5Pڏ\GiR["5ighwº="xMgT JƲfaX&6l>`-ll)2G?`R+;C[h`V#{ `Xǁðnc,l{"ؓ/'=8?#v؉`'= dSN; t嚱3 vس ?;, 9`m;| 6=WőW|]_)kOX-P߰0m^ ~K< ) Z/knXB 洵.YA 6eAcw삆U,US">mk 1 'EșISIbH"[(Mp;nۘ3@wE> [|Hk5鎩q!^MtNZ>G- eo.Pqw./EtYلM'ɂdu l^^}\TC4o1RA.ǰ/G?v.)mOdvhx;rZ=/3! M̈́ tmaNC2[koRp;kc÷{ y's>w )3*~vꠍm^D3;خv*Yuf]WBp"v\ Q\#-몃*G#n_\Αh鹑sMЈUpJ+ V/Et͓"Fpr5R:#F܏̹;NɉS^ 5*g{ {)\~ƹo*Fq覊J}8pw x!4q(6%v3P,.$eȵv&x`(9HO#ȆO0MeC O^~QFܛe;ۺ7Ivjw/t7ѵz{b尕(҇>nk@L:ŸZTJɎ}(Lf .^'OluΠ8;1{Tޯv1&|2!4tyH17*GOQ`0 en&W)aym-s޺ymMsZup/nl۴<0n\> DzљV1"0a%AT8<ڼ4и4\rqF(A5 z`1jt9DqlCsӼֶzhee9U]sETU R4#p6Ix= ΄q'A#qM-M#FgqI6X6aISCK^Y]&9GҜ*#qGMkF8ǚr frxNiZiNTՄe\]9DҜsA|(X" Mmk5 o\42<\B52B1T5q}~nm~ߕ2 c@7~T/2^P*^z 8sblzrz'9^uRݮܡ+5qEس>I~jmZ)mfIZ%~E!j?fOPZ:y!.!EC k0{?]\8X/󡮚G]9ЙkJ!d ` 1Й9͟p~KaJTP!,3h D 1ҚI cXJ()J -a<|p}c(p7S \F]B=ZmJ)6eI%>]%ʞS)%l1E9*VQ6Eθ",ӓDx^(GA??>?8w!ȗB*2џd 9eBr30l[=vV^Cx*<'U{SHSIL$-V[/jOE ȵs7s[`iJ=hVJa␉6gR)E]B!X?E"OI'BiΦbk):N!4r('P-a%,8YpbB_TOӁAsdY}@{{>GtA»5o`}%2WuIg9^jv[!1.IVc^+W+٨oGN#vh OٸRL~?0 (8V+ʵK?EFjˏTа¯VQڦ\wٓ3 L?BC2_&e)dn5X^v3Q,ڦ͇d<;z#UDuxo{g YI2,i$5Ce&M7}?}.LSmD3qX}^q!%qDJlѠ2{<~Ϗ3Sį>œ&i&izĭi0(zv@ vCWM7)#2ҩk\AZVə^;eq¾pWFWG7*e/%&Y`fsZ`. my,0bZ`iKXieY`Xk- +- \ޖ{⁽ d'㝭g/F=Peݏ LCk1h>?vz, 2 PqdD臣@CM^|u,`q1ZN a#svƫ,,2gĥ.1Lm-.d: />w@1rS7 >ET)3TLuaUu>[u>.18vo] ov< s;!xY}`y:ggn@ܚgaPHCtf9A%Io񻽂b"#?2/|2α#}7=;z.IxuիI5۾I%L>o)y[ Tk7 ꖝek(S λRSE [#);RҤR;e\BAXjH<@,T\n?Q$n 1OO={(O%Xj?nj6Өt`i 0/b G)qD+ZrR+TQNj>J'0G:Gj #X#tQ ${P~`96o@q{C 2A RX K_N'8s9 Ę~By_(=g7FΙQ 5?椓y̰nM´iϧ#2?\ rϷ@x+L)$'^*-C7 QLSēY*ߙ|iLi=j w^ wx_ }_n\Ͳh0Q C"kNz:>Eдߚɶ)="<n^~Cn"Px'1ώ,d[7z6QGR_)X+> :k_S N~] H{MR?pŗnze[SEsz^r_bƎY/N|CTrxϪF9D.@6T"Pu5 ۚے]Tk6*^~̛/.ɞKL?>AnXfM(|46oG5^L;25)a`}4SALS_ HzޕsSC N%A?\@<@5-n~-nA bHC;IZ@ɡLbn>.NZPRh'$ ()D"aaV0Rʗl!`+B;E?A */wm`zm[Ӭ`ZEnE)t-"Pv~_+Rr5Uz2DT/ya}lΫbCy\ aq j P9*Xv-.RIXOxGh/Z?ķ iU8pvi7cHcfPJc{)FWnueHW F_ >/޳^bFDAf' 9CdgGX–߱ػLMeO؃l $ (f XJ-28FjGH 54f^w(}v޶/ ‹Cǣ4z{gM ^!/ `>z~>j..;6Vs4L#|7`@9rfswd]ڰUY.V@5|?LˢeJ{'ʈ73ߤ2"̯6s6 w> $$*$z5w S7yզnPϗQ/l#fBu!G'J^HΎQu^.᯽su=V 2?jNTK@R:qϘ]Kʑ /;Ak;C'tȩ>@2P ]uڡzqU~*nM^nJ1IݔI9RLꦰ0)eϭ[-L1o{D, V"w&XioA!"?Jvt PqǰzZ|n'r\ ho"ϗA޸\/nvM 0o\|7}/l~ߜH Ky zwGW'NIi*Ѣٔ f5fN%ݠP j.Rzݠ&[_$`d(YY7)AI ! ѐ;Sl";*e=jYtWCv-;tmeZ &nMah U[sCM! 8zHi$~A3cXh؞~q˟Bm2 JN}hRtKxW *̌ǰ72Ra}9Nb{p/n>*0k}0zZ߾n9Oխ"{ƭ51uވDzo@/6sx# tC~.W|/_5W!"c =*Ne; <ږ(dx7)6dКdd8i&is8$ؙ$)T 9r2IE9qfX91k&$'^to3{_Brb˝00p?8=9qe:Arb|}Bf~Ҟ|1JH2Hc>ݖg %8v[JUJlbEqP8;F)(3lґl91IkV|d-%5m9q`(oKüHۇ  i1J ;5\ T(; &s9 Gy{*,4=&!k!^CBك`O{8刐_ҿNYCYBjn1ވ.!mǧFBp IBIr zP&Vc'QFMȄ$ef Z  'M$͑bL8C']d¹ᵅ*?{$^.4)pABR`qb^@KMC|Z[~P RW:LtARF`VD moqLI Ŵ;ݖ$Jhwd-!;|d-Қ8v[Q:Y,nK~Ku,ҩ2;\".8Қ8v[[4]NEUWhdodA ;sc&vNDA 8n?MPZ2R8Y=(H <ġjk;xhPr-ϐV2 FvAjBv~]W=pdfX@hbT>@G9^2! 1WtGpaB&eBDrP21L %CP21L %C})∑lb(&lb(&')fbh31L m&6Cm bdh71M &vCP/䈑ab01t:L &C12t:M &NCЩch%l\(Ԝo;l]=lĦ;lf:f:lf:l[=;l#@1 v(2B6oWi7o6o6o6o6oVi7o6o@9y7pP_~+zo|7_&w-f7_7!\sVڊ,nߦ%s&9:&9=&9JI#.>:|Fn] ,*nUxuOr$] P:@KwX=zW-[wzݴU.)z74 .2ĠFd"E KFN<,h4m0s L!>!ZzZHb8l2FWw暙f͚p"|8"l&P3@5Xu bCL4zׁa0Fw]Ц}$߀[16">4F|'c->GI9>@$^ De"$~#B'q%rԥI٭~#Ƣ1$fގpk ~a`K!}>lkm{qfȍ #8d C~0KlQd uf\- w-{<"G.|/'bTnf)j"PzE++հ[—+MRthMR{LR4I4G9bUpgNT+;ARzwISq0v׎B _]e$d I ~gs{{;Mv'7374=;aO4wX} SgN I8bJ\|;ҧM"~4< h3NTp!`W4OtYfAH" z,pJǦmEL't@,WdA?1$=*!P!TPQ 95&x̄/.Jȥ!4܊ H(B5V̑E^"YJKb#&vaD1,T6t>4{ Ԅ 1bĈ*Q}(}0E8as/JT^|#x2(KQmxv|?2z0QP(FVws~~Y\X#pV]{NkS40LA|g!ܵPXҰOR&J,88e=A}d <&`TXt=d0JaWeԒ3 Nj j2*2Nle+2tdR^R^v2S,Gx,cK"cC;aqzo-~%8Z4jEKs}YQ޴%^xQX$zv!WX$R(V#oG4{#|~Vy1D 0?ȨPnSq "oo;s`H:Ka06yH3dc#2W` mK !CXc_ f[|)}lP$8|Յ))_c9Ih}v~Tb)nqCi<rJJStW_Õ [Yp>; )؛*mQ-*N֩؝*v]bת؅*vW1LD*TCi-Rr_&p|猬Sp`%п)q#=޹-|GRO'!:!h_!::T>doW_:UIɞ.fI}KuJ_IW$ҮL&T˜#v+׊+M>/^+n #I_V*رd}R%T^OMv [׊4 >dB0/|@7%">L} {.(Yt]ۛcOzǪGzeIOnJY=Yt,ٍ"l9YUUIP0 #룴X==LX‹ܣPJlkVWRoP@][SC3 o,!L_[c`Jۉ}bo؛*EŶ:[bw؝*v]b؅*6_X?L3K[b+Ti{Z>ϼլX%D֫سӶqkOPYNuބJUY6I'"H'~)97c)t?j NuڇJdT W{̑ΗΒZ%sڗPu<]$=n뱔7=򱄟X'eE/\Bp9ZjKŲSrUVfB݄qo!/=> AO7࢟,FGޕ,ԶE*kۮ+ 7t!Cy$&Ԧcqe,g\wq}+?C@8,r$K=u.`醺^W5q\zM Ea`oa|)Jο{_oNj:2vػ 9]}qݓ2Qk.8a1]7Dx `q߁}Fς}yl `}K`}+`vWv;^D;&`6w){}^3ؿ+`? O9 koYZ{z[޲޶eɵQb5)ɵh>vnu$&&&~K߉erñ1)5>P}V=oj^zIs8N-pjP95J,]sܡy} &φ($^PC>:cH{SWv+R;Q򹑾ǀ}]y2Dýk軌Kykz~oăj+tO~F7uU(d !+"k>kEt]uXEhD ]5k 9r-"=7rIBѵ{BieꥈyR$]ѵCΓ"FQgԈ9 ]#Ȯ"z4k>PE+;jQGU,?A%RFmɍsTm]q覊J}8pw &x!4q(T36A P6\kg VddC#jG FBJPſɳɧ݃R+M+B#_Ɔq{K4a / {,qΧL'H O^0?ݟmϽv[f;7NY.f;> ᥢˆ+` r.ˁQNkcTJi]G} V=B[cD>&&nIS6W:gPtR*>pBG(GAvZVBc@8t[_$3R8eN߬?\: L 'IQϧ6/ 4. 44WR;a#ʳPfn͍U~=x05Nnn@,knݰD[ۚrbӛ7 oUG#4m AwknnjimO1<7hii\ҺAͣQE &9GҜ*#qGMkF8ǚrkhiI3rd;.2qupJsV#4i΂PDLi[3"tak kx ߸iN+exy-l: 77(zݐu-9ޭ5WZG@7+SŇp^3';\w\`qCt' ՝\0LBw+ʵK?EA>?{e.+?'y0$=&y0l$M)ԗRݕQQvn/xIIl,0s[` kX`X-0aeZ`YXcZ`},| +,b k\~~WT>~dW,8j񻌾D߃{h- m:}sJeToHȈя.hG )  Vߩqq.6BOiK>m'L\l-W.:/>w@ GS7 }>D.vb%ى٪~-w.2 x@wcO;2{_\w2vFfZg =u5B.31:˃I,RK2}ߵ'w{!"GI5LS BRE [#f):f)'3ʄ'wՐ&y,)%ކEʤs-?>O?|~xJ9]ij휖@> /x*C, >;Q+k%>tG״|׻>A.nXf+J%ѹCx GǣG*<̈́ _\?ei]9=;4!Ȋ*ۗXAg^#%V{KۨחX1=4q4gȃةZv|& {%vȵS/ד/T7cR ]"ȃk߿%` SxQCxx] o5#  >!̗q:{v:f, |e5=20qM?$d*o+ 5Y}6~U@V{ĪLǪX Vej希X? \M ݫs $4R*d).dFVһq"^f;hkҽ#w[;QqPbN Myzz{{S*$/tV2>.%E|cKr%kPN%:Tڻ'Y9PPYP:mI9IINI#4 3'_zܺ%?¡tAυ_PiLY pw"|4-g]PчT[Y/|l┉ ~wBGϗ~yR@&|No:]|,GAL8Gߢ8 }/j~<1zMaԭ4i[G!$4ĤGlJMV3U'͇A5Q4Tj+Z&H}(TDo:HP(n}l-c ѐ;RwЄld]4 ^ qӵiZTf^ B+Za-mSh*79omL&y%'⺿P셒S) *E7xw`]cXZHi]>Z3׹4Z?Lui[3{|FD;^R4F :?|t:-|q(/4Ӻ8w{?6f/A۳,%UA۳Y,?)X,ZNng8?L6VA۳91׀5͡Ewqnw&si5^t=߇ΣHۇA;3+Oq?S#_B.&s9 Gy{̿UXh{lP>\ )Z3=8ɨgS+<\ 1kw8}17}65~wBv 3p {-OO>9ןJ|i̗|%5IxZ$Yi/\JygmbjJrls${I'M$͑b\nv?KwύpggfWmv }bN4Mֆev0 r7/ 'è#юq~qLTi8v{.$V:*%bd=WCv< \zӸ}i8v{>?sz G3LԁB:Q[f[mPJAe ˩(Ԣ*} y&? Lb8AH9'ȯOU 9 j!6¥Va TH~i] pCY=8A~yP# ~/ciC /ru&l4g;V28%X2V ٙfﺺX,4Aa_ģMHSC"OI?ӻ'p dGuI9!9|x9=IXƽ7e8Q;8KM~LrКLq1əI9R8|l'gM~x=7qFLl݀=GB~Zi HI]Q {4(ÿqt37OhNVSbU~r*?qZ{f(?qZ{*?qZ{*?qZ{%?qZ9c#@>|5giΠVx3РO?Z{?Z9?=?=?=?yzw(OIMf75Xs0e7?@\,wsܬ4gq 7[i+bOb}Ԝ5xКxx(i&is4gteut5.`n<?ɓ$_w5@qC%y[7zcŻim"%1~G J=1h܆"HҀ(8K;=x©EH~"WHոCB-$O#F=](ct({z>/3yѱ-s∰2<"A_A QCpxckR{ץmy gA 8[ q 7}cgƨ-z->G9>@j ^ D~k-ggm->B* PN[koG ڂ٦#HD.cRHS}`^erc-ۘŐ+R#[m/BYW)]q)C'KwuӱIL%1]CHLe2r|uW +kZP暲r.fc f҉XHpb2VBb}p_b[ImIm{Im&iH1Zl;? Ӊm ub"q9(-V5< .+nf@uQtu]_ mB>i{W q'Bgk^Neݨ %ͣgO{vS=]A”DΤi_% i`ZicLIr4.xdE挑VsN+ Y. b1-yiwޜsn/.*oy^U7˟]/;wԹD\u:@6M;ut1%CKB[C:bfj]}qTO=ۖ񞺾oOGCp[>wIr+WA^zz 7AovBCo z;лwC  ACYЇ@>}:$)9gB>}"%h 2נC߀ } v;w@߅~}{@?~-C?~s@#hcWП@ _@A_A Ak7*?AC пA@O迠_h?t!7 } 8 h7t6ISЧs@>}EKe+WA_}m\w=B߁ C?~Z~ )3/?%G Я?3ϡ΃ @ ?@~Bt>п@ t>? oCB} {t tt`ŠC. ] 4tCW] 2tСՠC׀ ] 6tԅ]:t} A7nts-#[Ant{;Awtw={A[{CGB ?tЃCGC@B = z8УGCBA=zDIГ@ON=:zLY6$dЩsӠBσz!"KB/C;C^ z5Co z3:z Vmۡw@΀z^}.LB΂> }(1''OA΁>}y /AKЗ@_}M[з:ǹ'FvNz.~^ph|:} uʅB;B!jV!![!lBB!jdlt6alBaV!![!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!lB#s[=p{ٳN&m'̗g4TBb$`+0\s\L 9Je:봈5V,6cuqNK Klb3a޽%1d 7w:vopLm2@rdž%yY)8i>{έ< g>1(s4$}HauGc}Uٳg5'&p8ǦEd 0.6¦E;Lf2_8\[b>paȸ] o\$X>U8XarMVQ18܇-1l\B?Ƕ:@)0@v;>, &q (R6&?[o=զDk%}A"x- cfZ ˤs·bU[a=7չ\$XR 0dM0 A6Ls @jZW WC緹1 5'G|JD3^ l 2j3_ WAFdQ2Cuh&'EX| 'GZ'7ZXp[ɜy`Q9|[vl!TKdbX:3xP Y6ZLrJ.؈Zlࡥ(7plVbU[j.'s+ܕ >/׉m9ԭ=<ۄ=߶E'Is/%DӟI͵8 TIq`{6/L>K7 ErL7T1AC+mM]dQ2;ºx7|sd.rp|𱼮ԔcAaԷjAq<;hl %=i-9>;ڸѰ~{<Yh{Y_1Nd__ 6T)qK[n@+z`hg ﭲuqSmANs+0,:&NjXׁd.b| lEpZȊkJLm[}By!?Ϯ|-LGk`c}7H$+d{c{M6k kqfjŒ{,뀱|.bL1±zƮ+ޯ`7JNA psMt=Hڊi2HZpg̨+0'iM7FX#尪󱹴=@Ӣ^2;F嚲>۴ʲ"1猲+ʰձ<屭bsN  Q]ǃ+5?<>\vmۧ6Xi'݆C~D^pr&l œ`I`A+N'\K[/g'Rb5O.C[ƒ,^EيE-$YG *n15yߥm\#oc+5e1KLFO4&Rs5+3s@Yv9խ}e' 8`bVqceSFo:}$ϱ }4}Ί9s4=8+U~rWPqc`Pǖ;7Gby]Qh!:5`3$ [9;FV$k-!.m,/9gT[s!dMTf哵Aԅ$quˡNp] -Xٙ~~KX2mۼͻ?Gwql[sh]7 9+dJkXqw9GA,rȕU"WG&Bk\#oc+5e^"E\]9# .~LrQ|Y;K38i8A(!aeg:XLLuE`73a< ٚp VP.;LhwN0.#xw?x.QLۖ)l o~gqHS0 ;䨛_QZ2HܢF W 4djkAO֔b~rGS`Q_s𶂕ovf8i!$%Gwm=QD4ؐ=b;X`,%cKl{rgPK8pffg X2;="fG9'n?An\4[aqrU3HL=clgX `TRc!E0WG耿+lj|'ȃ4')0or[L.mʟ3Y;fP3lzٙ6=;WƼϑƯԤ2H>X1иL|ۆyuEpfI*0ob" HТFbmdGd O64gU clDz`+P3g!bV!![!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!Ăs[=p{ٳNVV,//שe.8V غYBl``bw:ӟ$g/˗'WWWOv2>_nþ}o߁8>c)&{k;j{& . |oEh j =coрT+Z>޽{ 0RB9g&\9XFpHc9B*G}! 3(<߳g18cE!X Xu)3@ձ m@`bЂ cf.a3'(vCJ/gMf3%i8Up-.+V= |YJplA֡&d971mE[AY6Hpw|~[fGc ְp<]~Wτ|CfgӋ\c%Lbe:}$kc:qH9sdO㸂&L z +w!GA,rȕU"WG\LggG# ˖ !}F#駚0?L*cBLuMyM@BAFmͳ ,|\L@X3%Mj i7ZWpK[+@Tk[?$J+|\&c$[YB]Fv}.Yl5qj- ]~ئ&TfS&b{ *9Ļ=l,[ ̫x¶: іx7gqHS0 XȷI_QZ2H[u"rud,/*_Bc!P3gx[7;GwǍbC q-~!gj8CǮQ׬&+,.\Ќ5<0Fk`9B9#U~X$٭hFՑ=:@QdZ<Xl41+&m' m.s%ƼϑƯ|;OƉTr },IGzӉ3{f1N6(\\HF\A˴XP> U>$0lK"[!f: zW"G@[`&cmO='o^=x11ZAq\Lڊ8,>7ovӏpl;}U擦l!\2L ͌C2Uo<.$`>s2&i+8_ʶ\sUG98Nve[sl1 Jڊ8,4Zdshu !62}Zی?rz ? Pb[ы'Bd{n rf8) b \9!p ?%7rэo+jfQK[1fu p̯g!)+s2=rV(ޛl-ȭ+8d.y~f.^W  <Ɓ&1ں3W tI[݇ؔSn F칙"Ww[Z^xʇԾ+r!WXr{˧?e19q \w[H&4=!1GaHCcQE2Uf+K89DBe/6#|V|j"Vyblm\[(,y&pjKr8>(/ gNRv![!yV`pO7 iFCB!D !5d+~y`NV!2lb{ϊi+T~6'/'^Z}<6cA]'RoJczsn:xispy߱_ٙ{s&ϯ|ʽ>ɼH{q1~oQuH^ W%jPJAOGdQXCM3xo+9Q;x_;0X-0[ML-+m˸ǬAy%el|e1_hV:~tjV, c5ι˭:^؜طkpa2ml﩮ڊ;s3c<^/_uUh+jPky˙X?ՒDVuۙÒ[Vڼݗ9/E ^//db $~1Sڅ‘,E5K֒7ws2̏2q.̥j+yOuV1KU2cl˗mEr]Տ6ɞ޸ W>PßײIzȽ[>9 )0`ytKiIyoƂ(?֚r}ڮ{p,ҙ+ي` 6בm/KK2tVmE!ۊ&lEpC-7™# .-ϖ xo-ۊ䋂ef 7~L"/4n{'(o$^w~]a~玄%[ܮ/v'Ƚ\j`~)/IЧ v亂뫠:Xr4i+Z^ɚr= \t>' (Ab 3F^ܛ˻L{omE`ꂭ&em>"{ |ڤ!xtj$ d`c^wɁHznnDV0EV7-/mv߂_]\ٓM"!TuK,̓uD&}e^/߸ŸMyZ]|f 2NI^=>8[5~Ì< ||V*UdOF_zYk3NcDr6uT\8ax[uO6L*ql4L~| 8rZ>5}܃3>%Ve>lׁ&iڊz#z`̺FZhW~ gzј)[1qfm+6"ӴF@~o׃O8B!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!lBB!jV!![!Tl;03IY Vb,i LV,//}J-[ܷo_ e+VWW5[ʯlBTVp~,n=X0y:Gx޵L_kw$ ,?W`WX .\R20 1Z8}drA1^0{vȑjK,W8@c7,舍kيa)Ys⸒+^֩ࣵo }3 Vd-?`jlE.(i(A Bcns&32۬vm]d o+ކG p4MhXsZqG\$#@pldc.FbxR*osš}qr ⨹Dylvt,F cm9(‘mp0(acod+'.B0zH?`+Wto-l3L_ڷ9[ |P(d㫒 1lVkjdƶ#.͠l^'6LR>`ur+ٴ,ęM,~}"rK뉬+ ,Օ\ov( A%ghhnu# s fJ 2dlEy]wȌm+~n4kofc@"8nj#6߯lVY|]8{Z+ Q J/z?8rl°<*Qs{M4'mZn3#( AO,ၷF FnS3eL^5׾2_0QP˹.+Ff{P/`I=d9Z~[ .KHBTΫY'dDZ76""Y|;sNN~ *QCtĤTnoI"4x*8)4rvay\/ EGsQ\˅Sf;p؞ o$vo>xŔĶB!DKd+BԐBQCB!D !5d+BԐBQCB!D !52b{6VNGNNNNn:+jNBNNNNd+jNBNNNNd+jNBNNNNd+jNBNNNNd+ֺa<%rrrrd+: 999VurrrrQ61tY[0y O F ~+z>ov}g g-ܛ_~3_[J|2| 1>qֻ&dI)we"WvAJjGEמO#5nqb*]nS agv7Aķ~H c1UH"L LI2S1bL*(Wu-mFh ע⚂WV_q3Sm*7][?18>A/pplR˨sWpacdVЀ9:5E֖oftk+wqh65>'~ >mEr}UȻ]K[V"|)bԷ-hftVi7m.DฺG϶k9 ȝɍ+4;r +|Cdi%ɝ"+ȵ y+/7ŠUL.: s+/DOP p`=:gʶ88x`ܚ[Xl$WvI[Q8`ݯTރJ6E۶ЬfJTnmWp0eD7یgC3LV?'|J=K`8Yᑘ๬pI[Bu smӭ\[9'bԨ. ..}Θ`;p9pyp++kkkkz`Gp}ppCp#1 ܴ[lu7]n`n5 ܾ[=o{}k www{{~`?<+WŃ!Pp8G1XP0r5?<< <<<!  n nnnv-V6`eѻ-=;;;;}]==~^>ྸ?8<<CCapp8ǀcC##cc׭ރ=<<< <<<< <<<< <<<<<^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ 'ׁ׃7777[;;Idn^>~A!aQ1q I)ip ,<"2 *8|||| |||||~~Ng____߀߂߁߃????3??YlpNp"yׁ`)8 l[`pAp!-0(8$4 ,\\\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\lv;Mf`+ nn n{`ppGp'pgp/+;' Ap(x8 Gp,x(xx8xx$xx4x x,xxxx!xx18  Nooooo'www=}C#cS3Y9yE%eU5p*F+}qoo K+k[;{G'gW7p&;'7/8 F`c l6[-yV`k \\\\ \\\\ \\\l..    ; N&`gpSp3psp n v{ۂہۃ=^`o#3    A` `p8<G#Qhp 8<< <<<< <<<<<<<< <<<< <<<< <<<<<^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ 'ׁ׃7777[;;Idn^>~A!aQ1q I)ip ,<"2 *8|||| |||||~~Ng____߀߂߁߃????3??Yl9,;cn=:+OW|ZZw3|ɧGNQEQEQEQEQEQEQEQԲD(ʦ *v{"e UpvTlxjvjY, 3KN,;RYfP+tQ⩉ە?mMrOkjVE1Z鿤ˌOMܮǹ>1ԬƋbI)]4˔?̨Y j.3:*S<5q3ȱoVY j.3:*S<5q%⌍ Hj(fP+tQ⩉r4~TVY j.3:*S<5qyٶ3rJ%]ftTlxjvgPoPVY j.3:*S<5qY~kjVE1Z鿤ˌOMneGu1Z鿤ˌOMNͲ#+eaI)eGV* j.3:*S<5q;5ˎT'(jNLV5=xjF%T+i(خrY , 3HJ 34JeYARbѮQ*n $N>]d5خ |DatV$҇1.lMd{=hu< GD.肭d_ 2}br~*B'Dyn:fΠ핬ҝAwA1Hq(c1 Jg3vxug[ɚ*fP.d8Y'fkʠ 5dl`|w,>3CvqbѮ `Y'В*&gZ̠~-]Dz2`+Y{gT=[xw̠^dAM8*?%wr 5Uj23>L sGո͠P1pTlDUbWɚ_T$%fA, )1hWW (e D EU<5&3H.LUPGaGv&nfّʲLNJͬAM8*S<5q;5ˎT$%fJ XA, )1hW׫o-~9hd"5ˎT$%f3&2Yl * eaIDzq34T$%f}PkRYfAkn)kU* 3vxM qu8~V.PjY, 3HJ eg8͘A, )1hWWvjY, 3HJ պeGV* 3vxnfّʲ0 ]=^۩Yvd, )1hWWvjY,OPDͪ򿖥X+*N!Պ&g2*8 ;*}j+xAsP(ltVA>tK' ֠L0g/3HbB][IgH)A݂m{e3vn ".Xf{0"=gPo1xm-}[^fGvBy2(C~I5AC2 -Sc. tj.肝>(SnQt^'=fPAM8*+v5m7{)eaID;v*t,OP@ͪNX+*N$xsjr*S򇣰b;SSJeY&'f̠&)eGV* 3vޖ2F* 3v^Stuqі,vxg$fP, 3HJ ڥz9Barl7.a"5ˎT$%fRƷP7snaʲ0 ]b(7[&ޘ eGV* 3v^EAgQbʲ0 ]xm7xY;E * eaIDTɸ45bgbʲ0 ]=^۩Yvd, )1hWWvjY, 3HJ պeGV* 3vxnfّʲ0 ]=^۩Yvd,>C5_<.TCM4Qe Upv,l˫uƒoE* 3E;fPv*t, 3HJ̠Auک\lӥ,fAEfPgP3.[ۨ#%,ݎt->'=u<̠* Bќ][aGJ>:̠Y jѮ Jٽ ^aOsex jڱ *W̠D}/3ȶϱK tfA-UAYC]W\ ZбW>1Z?g]w Al},2 )rf}PMdP܎ev͠ YT ŊmsXfP?e{=%되A-UA{) zn.KA)zfP#gPzKEhOnَrH')?)[ŢWj3(T̠&+ϠVZ7ʲ0 jюT6]* 3E;fPv*t,OPDQrq4Ar7&g2*8 ;*S<5q;5ˎTerRjf jQ⩉۩Yvd, )1.tJn̽ʲ0 Rhx[_{ٷdK],;RYfA kDZl v-v eGV* 3Hoܘxcqt{"o * eaInHvkzEIv eGV* 3Hx52h}'k.\jY, 3HJ mv&N!nA;E * eaIc~.ѲR>;3T$%fjNͲ#+eaIDzZSJeYARbѮ,;RYfAǫu;5ˎT$%fjNͲ#+e ZP]BIĐjE3MTB?sOMܮ[ʲ0 Q+g=^۩\lӥ, )1DYWv*t,K #3 G8A:ĽRgdtεz*%Jq_g3HD ޱX -|;ۍ7GYfm7V+d2x7xA"J_ePgqKAfA:j(l:fʠ> Z h GuxUa-ߝf(q A]3(₭'+2de}q_Quf'3iǔsl} ' L]d3(-AظqI284PA6zK!1D 9233.-A#QAw}2(l4zSMzfP#|%6vr)^C5ήQ];K}㌮RD'IσblqUAb5X.ixjvsePRYfA"jzǫu;mT$%f^9jNb.e ZPG5+T&3H.LUPGaGv&nfّʲLNJͬAM8*S<5q;5ˎT$%fvQǷ]R%ueMT$%fP Ѳq,bP8;,v) eGV* 3Ate}@(x9%.DjY, 3HJ̠vƷͲYev-̠RYfA%<CvK,v<o ؅HͲ#+eaI}ŷ&[B;W%R(5ˎT$%fPvЕSn+nA觚RJeYARb?|8lV.| 1 HeYARbѮ,;RYfAǫu;5ˎT$%fjNͲ#+eaIDzZSJeYARbѮ,;RY ҡ?(JըxQqJ V49D)TÑncxjvߊT$%fjNb.eaIDzZSئKeY DEfPf|ZDNR&XGv}zӛl*Rm(f<tIP2(?pgX*%*q׳Z1d%Sw6]j)R|v}W}' ,& 3hV0ln%kW>GwY EaUe8hW"3IY fP]@Eةɠ*%L` Zq Yy-h{\R><'".3ZBm^Ɂ}\h߸]z9+z_fP*,Ŷխ Z33"OE\(Dإ[ՓAl *u F3hPfP݃c 3hK `+̠F /Ջ__v:j3} :+af]]c%ԇ_, , \>'ԏ*05ԟuS%.y^3:>yAZ jQ⩉͞AuJeYARbѮT.RYfAǫu;mT'tyNi2oNM4Qe UpvTlxjvjY,̚Ԅb;SSJeYAR=b_Q].soj, )UAs?4+h2ZKs .iKمHͲ#+eaI ,/9{zBh1%.DjY, 3HJ /Y ^u"5ˎT$%f2إ?AsKeYAR9cXlAqFvf\gHb1Yn¥fّʲ04}Pgqyp4~nj%﹢Y~1 HeYAR?z!۬WG/9KA5G~JB̠RYfȠ)eGV* 3vxnfّʲ0 ]=^۩Yvd, )1hWWvjY, 3HJ պeGV*A:eAEU%^MTCMδKNʟMHeYA_eFGv&nrMʲ0Z鿤ˌOMNb.eQA̠н"\&:lcRj`4NH;Ol,cw * eaI 7^Ѷ%K%ݘYaʲ0sq.~JaGۖLv~,ij6] :|*/RrqPt;'IvWk]Qt2x݆rw.䤚Ƞ9.eZ͊q (iIą=k%K^9dCJq3 #޲:nQKAq{ )~AAѪ*aDt5ʸQ"A1U[Mn_ ן̶SZ_ҥ5dPz2`czUޱG;Oɍv" eGV* Z}/Io=څ4ꔄg4 "/PjY, 3hm,ћ`ҹG+A`YNƤ],;RYf{aMY%-Yl-糋1M:3T^kΠ~Om[2yO]1s;RJeYAkoWHO'쨼mK&; {86h_VT@* *jNͲ#+eaIDzZSJeYARbѮ,;RYfAǫu;5ˎT$%fjNͲ#+e Lu"EE)1ZQ)eGV*J'3 Gv&n7~Ҋ.Uܱ$I}R պ]=NUZ|+4v_ݲ}f-1eGhnB a29Fy~蒲wla{v"l|ћf~fS(ܯrC7ZB^Ctܳ-'1[sO[s97f J 2M̠ D;vRnw.4Tb'8h賻tMNʳ9r6v*:T!36;o{%E-MdPлF&OʝAkZ~-X:vIy6xC3˶1n >BUUAB>G|vz:&ڍt/]h1S %k'gxʻFilgt]Ls >gMeРm ޭ.t]wTCj'Pot_ا[ۨܦc=8fnǻ<{Iy6`=J* Sѱ1]KE!)L :jv9E n'AMQD'[k,ؘ.bA %n'xk_z-]A>z~rOBrhWWvjY, 3HJ պeGV* 3vxnfّʲԟA숎fPOMneN,Kԗh1hWWv5,;JeYD2ƟWdq0pTlxjv*tEA˦{6~drM ψ[FԄb;Sc{..F%fa1bѮAFsݎXmʚA۱|4y jQ⩉1ϠnGqlN܍^}3iGv&n 2J6oa`/h;hx٩ڲb?f<a:ߪ /ʅ ]i׾ ?<íz?zWa69Wq!Ayb*rʩ!@Q9w);4kҊ )}(grw]n#/#XGqX|ٿ}&ٱBlgj9vx1E(y6'e.T$PSU^"# M $'a妊~VVl&όC: E F*a0a7Axb~}qB>T/ ťzU[(g^/|Y/WП^XՏ WKգ5(RZ^(쪕Ւ$JSj0]i,-5kW߶K ¶bZ ʶr^)U 3eReVY!Y P[*s ja|lAH>ˇô|Y)1zX[o?}+}^a׬=8![X\2Nʫw+nϏ4µn%`m2ƪeal}鶃]a  -r~ ̧@8~E1<9vu+X8< %|xaͱ; ̽\13C{ ~4\4=!>?F:/AJ+j=ɷ۽M% ROE'˱}MVkUඋ~!zYa1KWf=A:Vl1^-b악({b0BD_0:7W;5mڀEk#N\B. ;Y Le@ *%ŷi[x`M3eErBX.o#>@7g :NI*s "?5~!p\8}󉻟}D|Hć8ֲqUETI(*&>(`:Htb,] ^l01?C"~ "+pv?4fcE_cWؠ[ p6BŔ*_#:ʼn=+HS, ;4G#@<&M܂‚>}‚.JE:cV9 )4JRUfA .o6$kw% h@RAI1ԋRANʺH]]eNj t Zw =8 V;(I5RAWI(*TQVPt o 8< RBRMd/)Bҕ`r )Ơ-U+Bj* EEXUHX+U_Z뭰L;ak?8Ǝtȝ<G!y'AnFh? Y" N{4--j@eqِE "~g o"*?l-v@mQP}h"H+Bnmmz iLL21Žv!U\nbζJw˝Ž(ˆ ,-5YjImy;$S4D$ru*ÐU*,Lo7O/l`(q]DiEf05".l¶4F92H.pQP( "6[l3-J6}u Y'߫C"Qpw!-Um- nQmS͔EQ-qܢjK Eٔjځ7zjM"AS\&1M;=ASds\gD1x^SĦMM`JFд )$hjMOps{`\Ic:~MA0f'{x si}0Jd 1\. D"C1bˋ)VϠJBQ1Ja1%$?7,cZH ܻ0/ly Gp六Uul<8[]8[>ؖيlZ%V g@* EŔ*l8dvmn+jC{u6b YnmZ"aTx XM񇛋g ^hMkmvknste9FlJe٭Mfm@G hZK@ hq 28{?"T*-Cmw@mW{*|q@@mwAmW\8psȥ]BmנP]v6m+$r8a,N V\4!XqBLw+xIs;%+nÊ;bʦTNjʼӂL5H .&xd)F2xg11Z!AsL8&1% DDŽ1hIQ(R9)K 9&\G>ݗhɦ!6ZG8@N" IRM%A0T%I.>FtYܱٵ۴פݸˋ-,aĹ:u( Rb*-Jm:0iMtplp)ah])L %YeS}g&)orM9iN6RlJ#j-ΒJBQ1:dԔjJY&H6p+-ǽJ1rJRq71Ȯ?ƣ+4nz]" .ݎyv#nɳ[=P1HOr!TH;@ޡG T{i8,ӱ8,Gul qQ) I`{$TBj$ScZzx5nza  @ uUQLvB{]zZhy+c@/Sc@zЄ)|2ah<EzE; G/Dw` Zuͫ~n]-]ʭ[tZ}a)䥵5k+. bJ=-/#P!Kc99 Uf`{iyէKՇU4Z}Z%TLzx>`l;{fyun2#iLQ66 EV޸ߧ 1ll2v#ocg,~C6! yȆ=d#Q٘lC6!oĪJZAGⴄ)U;hRG=h1{?ɑ`/]gw;>jjH H7b5tb9!tyC]ސaNM(R9)Q!چQM XP8<?D|D;Ǟ=?0H(n$72Pٖ_QQ3ϊ߷7f ב9_^gfK|uK?s 0~ +|Oi{+v2^](_ƫQ/+/ءv̠9^r I;>[| kW>/+?kWl K%hy8_Kπbń! mpc`.b7mtwW4CӆԬ:2N*;lO*7)v>)K O^qy ;!,wd19>v8Q*Cހn꯾O&_tWlk{ 3=1x 0B{D2߇͑l$x,Ѵg>ί%ͭͯ_7WW:yqCk~%k^47x^a^3r03FRT8XLVeQ =")$&(:Bx</1Y3-578:}<Q>%@`, $ZD}!Ng<qAE_I#L).[P/RTU+WYPQS[-']^ *';Oh+'0Q `h    (CJS 115- Population Genetics- Assessing the Stength of the Evidenceslee5-  ee30eMicrosoft PowerPointnet@> @ $3@ཟ[GPg  R('& &&#TNPP42OMi & TNPP &&TNPP     'A x(xKʦ """)))UUUMMMBBB999|PP3f3333f333ff3fffff3f3f̙f3333f3333333333f3333333f3f33ff3f3f3f3333f3333333f3̙33333f333ff3ffffff3f33f3ff3f3f3ffff3fffffffff3fffffff3f̙ffff3ff333f3ff33fff33f3ff̙3f3f3333f333ff3fffff̙̙3̙f̙̙̙3f̙3f3f3333f333ff3fffff3f3f̙3ffffffffff!___www!!!''!-m''-!C!--mC--!_I-!<I'f_'I_r_mmC_?@ABCDFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root EntrydO)PicturesCurrent UserSummaryInformation(ZRPowerPoint Document(EB(DocumentSummaryInformation8