╨╧рб▒с>■  13■   0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ье┴)` Ё┐0▀ bjbjАА .т{т{▀      дВВВВВВВЦ *Ц┤╢JJJJJ%%%3555555$jh╥PYВ%%%%%YВВJJ█nOOO% ВJВJ3O%3OOВВOJ> `ОгЁ=╤/ O3Д0┤O"9"OO"Вc╨%%O%%%%%YYO%%%┤%%%%ЦЦЦD┌ DЦЦЦ┌ ЦЦЦВВВВВВ     CHAPTER 8 GROUP INFLUENCE What Is a Group? Social Facilitation: How Are We Affected by the Presence of Others? The Mere Presence of Others Crowding: The Presence of Many Others Why Are We Aroused in the Presence of Others? Evaluation Apprehension Driven by Distraction Mere Presence Social Loafing: Do Individuals Exert Less Effort in a Group? Many Hands Make Light Work Social Loafing in Everyday Life Deindividuation: When Do People Lose Their Sense of Self in Groups? Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone Group Size Anonymity Arousing and Distracting Activities Diminished Self-Awareness Group Polarization: Do Groups Intensify Our Opinions? The Case of the УRisky ShiftФ Do Groups Intensify Opinions? Group Polarization Experiments Group Polarization in Everyday Life Explaining Polarization Informational Influence Normative Influence Groupthink: Do Groups Hinder or Assist Good Decisions? Symptoms of Groupthink Critiquing Groupthink Preventing Groupthink Group Problem Solving р  ; ╟ " N ▐ ▀ °ЇяЇяЇяЇяЇыh╫ h▒]6Бh▒]h▒]OJQJ  ,pМ▓р°  Y t Ф ╪   ; U Л й ╟ ц єхррр███╥╥╥р██р█╥╥╥█р██╥Да^Даgd▒]gd▒]gd▒] $ДАд]ДАa$gd▒] $ДА]ДАa$gd▒]▀ ¤ц " : N Е Ь ▓ ╚ ▐ ▀ ЎёЎЎьёёёёъgd▒]gd▒]Да^Даgd▒] ,1Рh░╨/ ░р=!░"░#Ра$Ра%░░╨░╨ Р╨ЖЬ@@ё @ NormalCJ_H aJmH sH tH Z@Z ▒] Heading 1$дЁд<@&5БCJ KH OJQJ\Б^JaJ DA@Є бD Default Paragraph FontRi@є │R  Table NormalЎ4╓ l4╓aЎ (k@Ї ┴(No Listt■oё Єt ▒] Outline 13 ╞╨8аp╪ @ и Д╨Д0¤д<^Д╨`Д0¤CJ_HmH sH tH >■oё> ▒] Outline 2Д8ДШ■^Д8`ДШ■b■oё b ▒] chapter title $дрa$"5Б;БCJ OJQJ_HmH sH tH h■oh ▒]chapter number$1$7$8$H$a$5Б;БCJ OJQJ^J_HaJ▀     ,pМ▓р°YtФ╪ ;UЛй╟ц ":NЕЬ▓╚▐с╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00А╚╤00АШ0 ,pМ▓р°YtФ╪ ;UЛй╟ц ":NЕЬ▓╚▐с╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╩╤000В╚╤000А╚╤000А╚╤000А 00▐▀ ц ▀  ▀ Ё8Ё@ё   АААўЁТЁЁ0Ё( Ё ЁЁB ЁS Ё┐╦  ?Ёсс╚▐сэcЖn.х-QYG╠Е?└ф<Ic Xr З ╫ Ў g& ЗP Rp Д п- = ЭQ ▒]Щ'п 9rЎjZ╕4CVrTZ┼  пEвg5}г=??< W гV Г}!╬/"Sq"п"$√q%о3&┘>'▒j'\ )ё{*Mh+щr+ь,бf,╪}.╙/и'0ыA0r$1{1╘'5Ff5┬6║h6r8╧P9В*:+\:╕5;=є7=РW=хT> 8?p?K!B/D_uIpugCvЯdwv{x1z@"z8{VАЦeВЎ0ДУEД╙vДх(З TЗСVИЛ ЙnЙ"[КЗ!МR}М▐EНS^НБdО?gООП@РHРБТ/+ТKТ┬MУЦbФдХ▒tХs;Цs]ЦQxЦ╘ЩJKЪгkЪqЫk2ЫJ@ЫхKЫБ+Ьd.ЬqqЬЖЭ.JЮ╘Я ЯЎQЯБбN}бПEвh$гeдJAеГnе╙5жСtжХ"и╠Xией╦1нBнр/о+DпЎ░Я"░дk░U▓ч╢#)╖я+╖тD╖b.╕жE╕°|╕Дt╣=V╗w"╝╧P╜Yo╜z┐П&┴ў├?:├Йi─╬G╟─U╟`W╟]╔2╩∙;╩░^╩yt╩╗╦в╠Ы╬╝q╬c1╧Є/╨єH╨Ш╤■"╤Юi╤o^╥т(╙А,╘3_╒b7╓▓j╫ёr╫S╪╩(╪═E╪<┘╥?┌██А|█'▄oK▄О`▄▌(▀╧R▀Ci▀°рUсч]с8lс└]тй|тuуЩ фЮ$фgх9&цU(чcIчхшЙOшЎ{шГ&ъЕFъ▒PьГXю;:ё Єfє}ї}ї5 їzOї ЎМЎpaЎР ў+)∙╙d·│√А+√ўM№Иj№Tz№Н}№╝6¤╦"■,j■=l■║n■¤o  @А▐▐└jФ▐▐▀Ё@  Unknown            GР :рAx└  Times New Roman5РАSymbol3&Р  :рCx└  Arial"ёИЁ╨hМ╝