ࡱ> 463 0bjbj .- 999999$1H99nnn99nnn<9幙* 09,@.<<hnn9 :  Psych. 139 Psychology of the Person Dr. Wagner Assignment for chapter 2: Introduction: The hypothesis -testing approach: Understanding the nature of human personality is involves empirical research. Whereas in the past expert opinion was the main source of knowledge, (Freud, for example, formed his theories on the basis of his observations of his patients, and his own introspection), the current emphasis in the study of personality and individual differences is on the hypothesis-testing approach. What is a theory? Pay attention to the fact that theories are tentative- present possible explanation (s) of observations we make. What is a hypothesis and how it is related to a theory? Pay attention to the fact that a hypothesis is formulated in a specific, precise manner- so it can be directly tested in an experiment. The qualities of a good theory: What does The Law of Parsimony mean? What does it mean when we say a good theory is useful? Be familiar with the examples regarding the theory as to why some people are lonely. The experiment: What is the meaning of this procedure and how is it carried out? Be very familiar with the experimental variables- the independent variable, the dependent variable, as well as with control group and random assignment. What do we mean when we say random assignment- technically speaking, and what does random assignment achieve? Often in the social sciences we use non-manipulated experimental variables- what does this mean- give examples. What is the case study method? When is it useful? What are its strengths and its weaknesses? What is statistical significance? What is a correlation? How is it expressed? Assessment: What is reliability- there are two ways to express the reliability of an assessment procedure (e.g..a test). What are they? What is the validity of an assessment procedure- and what are the 3 ways along which it can be assessed? Pay attention to behavioral validation. `a3 : ' / p q  + 8 < D E rraP h9hN jCJOJQJ^JaJ hhN jCJOJQJ^JaJh25CJOJQJ^JaJ hZKhN jCJOJQJ^JaJhN j5CJOJQJ^JaJ#hZKhN j5CJOJQJ^JaJhN jCJOJQJ^JaJ hN j5CJOJQJ\^JaJ hW 5CJOJQJ\^JaJhN j5OJQJ\^Jh**hN j5OJQJ\^J`a{* q E q & FdgdW & FdgdwV dgdW gdN j hf~ hN jCJOJQJ^JaJ#h9hN j5CJOJQJ^JaJ,1h/ =!"#$% ^ 2 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p8XV~_H mH nH sH tH J`J N jNormal7$8$OJQJ^J_HmH sH tH <@< N j Heading 1$@&CJaJDA D Default Paragraph FontRiR  Table Normal4 l4a (k (No List PK![Content_Types].xmlj0Eжr(΢Iw},-j4 wP-t#bΙ{UTU^hd}㨫)*1P' ^W0)T9<l#$yi};~@(Hu* Dנz/0ǰ $ X3aZ,D0j~3߶b~i>3\`?/[G\!-Rk.sԻ..a濭?PK!֧6 _rels/.relsj0 }Q%v/C/}(h"O = C?hv=Ʌ%[xp{۵_Pѣ<1H0ORBdJE4b$q_6LR7`0̞O,En7Lib/SeеPK!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xml M @}w7c(EbˮCAǠҟ7՛K Y, e.|,H,lxɴIsQ}#Ր ֵ+!,^$j=GW)E+& 8PK!Ptheme/theme/theme1.xmlYOo6w toc'vuر-MniP@I}úama[إ4:lЯGRX^6؊>$ !)O^rC$y@/yH*񄴽)޵߻UDb`}"qۋJחX^)I`nEp)liV[]1M<OP6r=zgbIguSebORD۫qu gZo~ٺlAplxpT0+[}`jzAV2Fi@qv֬5\|ʜ̭NleXdsjcs7f W+Ն7`g ȘJj|h(KD- dXiJ؇(x$( :;˹! I_TS 1?E??ZBΪmU/?~xY'y5g&΋/ɋ>GMGeD3Vq%'#q$8K)fw9:ĵ x}rxwr:\TZaG*y8IjbRc|XŻǿI u3KGnD1NIBs RuK>V.EL+M2#'fi ~V vl{u8zH *:(W☕ ~JTe\O*tHGHY}KNP*ݾ˦TѼ9/#A7qZ$*c?qUnwN%Oi4 =3ڗP 1Pm \\9Mؓ2aD];Yt\[x]}Wr|]g- eW )6-rCSj id DЇAΜIqbJ#x꺃 6k#ASh&ʌt(Q%p%m&]caSl=X\P1Mh9MVdDAaVB[݈fJíP|8 քAV^f Hn- "d>znNJ ة>b&2vKyϼD:,AGm\nziÙ.uχYC6OMf3or$5NHT[XF64T,ќM0E)`#5XY`פ;%1U٥m;R>QD DcpU'&LE/pm%]8firS4d 7y\`JnίI R3U~7+׸#m qBiDi*L69mY&iHE=(K&N!V.KeLDĕ{D vEꦚdeNƟe(MN9ߜR6&3(a/DUz<{ˊYȳV)9Z[4^n5!J?Q3eBoCM m<.vpIYfZY_p[=al-Y}Nc͙ŋ4vfavl'SA8|*u{-ߟ0%M07%<ҍPK! ѐ'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsM 0wooӺ&݈Э5 6?$Q ,.aic21h:qm@RN;d`o7gK(M&$R(.1r'JЊT8V"AȻHu}|$b{P8g/]QAsم(#L[PK-![Content_Types].xmlPK-!֧6 +_rels/.relsPK-!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!Ptheme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-! ѐ' theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK]    8@0(  B S  ?<B.13*<qPmWu%7h 88^8`hH.h ^`hH.h  L ^ `LhH.h   ^ `hH.h xx^x`hH.h HLH^H`LhH.h ^`hH.h ^`hH.h L^`LhH.PmWu         gW ..L\wV f~ fN jCtE