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The “Unique” Human primate approach: focus on contrasts; uniqueness of humans; evolution of and adaptive advantages of human traits THE PRIMATE ORDER: PROSIMIANS: e.g. tarsier MONKEYS: OLD WORLD: e.g. rhesus, baboon, langur NEW WORLD: prehensile tails, e.g. spider monkey, APES: LESSER APES: e.g. gibbon GREAT APES: Orangutan ORANGUTAN GORILLA CHIMPANZEE: Regular Chimpanzee; Bonobos PRIMATE ORDER SEXUALITY RELATED TRAITS VARIABILITY SOCIABILITY BIOLOGY V. LEARNING: NUMBER OF OFFSPRING: MATING PATTERNS: # OF Multi-mate vs. pair bond STABLE SOCIAL TIES: Matrifocal Kinship vs. Pair-bond ACCESS TO MATES: Who Selects: What "works" best? Force vs. Attractants With whom? SS? SEXUAL DIMORPHISM: SEXUAL MORPHOLOGY: --genitals; breasts; etc. FUNCTIONS OF SEX: Reproductive? Estrous (Estrus) Other? REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES: species, by gender K Strategy: Hi PI; few offspring R Strategy: Low PI; many offspring Implications for who “chooses” & is “choosier” HUMAN VS. 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